{"id":12415,"date":"2026-02-11T20:11:39","date_gmt":"2026-02-11T20:11:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.jstconsultancy.cz\/?p=11042"},"modified":"2026-07-31T22:10:07","modified_gmt":"2026-07-31T22:10:07","slug":"cvi-and-tav-vacuum-furnaces","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/intelligent-kalam.80-240-27-133.plesk.page\/en\/cvi-and-tav-vacuum-furnaces\/","title":{"rendered":"CVI and TAV Vacuum Furnaces"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Giorgio Valsecchi presented this blog on Linkedin, which really interested me.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/posts\/tav-vacuum-furnaces-k9-fat-ugcPost-7424083253575397376-tiFk?utm_source=share&amp;utm_medium=member_desktop&amp;rcm=ACoAAAwiV-YBIX5g8bPKcpmec63IDHkjRKgHkbw\">https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/posts\/tav-vacuum-furnaces-k9-fat-ugcPost-7424083253575397376-tiFk?utm_source=share&amp;utm_medium=member_desktop&amp;rcm=ACoAAAwiV-<\/a><\/p>\n<p>What does the abbreviation <strong>CVI<\/strong> stand for and what is it for? <strong>Chemical Vapor Infiltration (CVI)<\/strong> technology is an advanced method for producing high-performance ceramic matrix composites (<strong>CMC<\/strong>) and carbon\/carbon (<strong>C\/C<\/strong>) composites.<strong> CVI<\/strong> allows the infiltration of the porous fiber structure (preform) with gaseous precursors, which decompose at high temperatures and create a matrix inside the structure, without damaging the fibers.<\/p>\n<p>The process takes place in specialized vacuum furnaces, where the gaseous precursor infiltrates the porous preform (e.g. carbon or SiC fibers) and decomposes at high temperatures (&gt; 900 \u00b0C), creating a solid matrix. A description of the process can be found at\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chemical_vapor_infiltration\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chemical_vapor_infiltration<\/a><\/p>\n<p>What interested me about it? Mainly the applications.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>C\/C composites (Carbon\/Carbon)<\/strong>: Brake discs for aircraft and high-speed trains, rocket nozzles.<\/li>\n<li><strong>SiC\/SiC (Ceramics\/Ceramics):\u00a0<\/strong>Aero engine components, hot sections of turbines, nuclear applications (high temperature resistance).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>All positives. And those terms?<\/p>\n<p>The word <strong>precursor<\/strong> in chemistry refers to a compound that participates in a chemical reaction that produces another compound. And what <strong>precursors<\/strong> are they talking about in relation to<strong> CVI<\/strong>? The most common examples:<\/p>\n<p>Generally, these are <strong>toxic, corrosive, flammable and explosive substances.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>CH\u2084, BCl\u2083, NH\u2083 = gases<\/li>\n<li>CH\u2083SiCl\u2083, TiCl\u2084, SiCl\u2084 = liquids<\/li>\n<li>AlCl\u2083 = solid (subliming)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>And the term preform? It is an input material, with a porous structure, made of carbon or ceramic fibers.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>3D woven\/braided structures (3D woven\/braided):<\/strong> Most often used for high demands on strength in various directions, minimizing delamination.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Needled preforms (needle felts)<\/strong>: The fibers are combed into a mesh (mesh) and then needled in the Z axis, which ensures good strength even in the third dimension.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Carbon cloth laminates:<\/strong> Unidirectional or woven carbon cloth is laid layer by layer, often with a fiber orientation of 0\/0\/90\/90\u00b0 for brake discs.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Short fiber (Short fiber molded)<\/strong>: A mixture of short carbon fibers with resin, which is then molded.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>and the most common layers that are applied to these preforms using the CVI method?<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Carbon:<\/strong> C<\/li>\n<li><strong>Carbides<\/strong>: SiC, B<sub>4<\/sub>C, and TiC<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nitrides<\/strong>: BN and Si<sub>3<\/sub>N<sub>4<\/sub><\/li>\n<li><strong>Borides<\/strong>: TiB<sub>2<\/sub><\/li>\n<li><strong>Oxides<\/strong>: Al<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>3<\/sub> and ZrO<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/334305045_Chemical_vapour_infiltration_of_composites_and_their_applications\">https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/334305045_Chemical_vapour_infiltration_of_composites_and_their_applications<\/a><\/p>\n<p>What&#8217;s so special about it? It&#8217;s a technology that allows us to fly to space and back, or to exceed hypersonic speeds of over Mach 5. For today&#8217;s technology, it&#8217;s really very appropriate.<\/p>\n<p>So my admiration for TAV and Giorgio.<\/p>\n<p>Ji\u0159\u00ed Stanislav<\/p>\n<p>February 11, 2026<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Giorgio Valsecchi presented this blog on Linkedin, which really interested me. https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/posts\/tav-vacuum-furnaces-k9-fat-ugcPost-7424083253575397376-tiFk?utm_source=share&amp;utm_medium=member_desktop&amp;rcm=ACoAAAwiV- What does the abbreviation CVI stand for and what is it for? Chemical Vapor<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":13102,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[302,333],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12415","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aerospace-en","category-technologie-cz"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>CVI and TAV Vacuum Furnaces - JST Consultancy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"CVI and TAV Vacuum Furnaces - JST Consultancy\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Giorgio Valsecchi presented this blog on Linkedin, which really interested me. https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/posts\/tav-vacuum-furnaces-k9-fat-ugcPost-7424083253575397376-tiFk?utm_source=share&amp;utm_medium=member_desktop&amp;rcm=ACoAAAwiV- What does the abbreviation CVI stand for and what is it for? 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